All elgg plugins can have access to a global variable $CONFIG. It is an object which encapsulates a wealth of information and data that comes in very handy for plugin development. It contains information on event handlers, hooks, paths, input, translation, configuration information, widgets, views, and handlers:
Following is a simplified print_r() of $CONFIG object.
stdClass Object
(
[events] => Array ()
[hooks] => Array ()
[language_paths] => Array ()
[translations] => Array()
[input] => Array ()
[dbuser] => value
[dbpass] => value
[dbname] => value
[dbhost] => value
[dbprefix] => value
[url] => value
[registered_tag_metadata_names] => Array ()
[widgets] => stdClass Object ()
[path] => value
[viewpath] => value
[pluginspath] => value
[wwwroot] => value
[sitename] => value
[language] => value
[db_installed] => value
[site_id] => value
[site_guid] => value
[site] => ElggSite Object ()
[dataroot] => value
[simplecache_enabled] => value
[viewpath_cache_enabled] => value
[sitedescription] => value
[siteemail] => value
[view] => value
[default_access] => value
[actions] => Array ()
[views] => stdClass Object ()
[view_types] => Array ()
[pluginlistcache] => Array ()
[extender_url_handler] => Array ()
[registers] => Array ()
[registered_entities] => Array ()
[pagehandler] => Array ()
[entity_url_handler] => Array ()
[independents] => Array ()
[servicehandler] => Array ()
[wordblacklist] => Array ()
)